Hygienic behaviors of honey bees in response to brood experimentally pin-killed or infected with Ascosphaera apis

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Table I

Average values for the proportion of tagged bees, visits/bee, visit duration, total time, and average time the bees in the H and NH colonies spent inspecting, uncapping and removing the chalkbrood mummies from the cells (n = 2100). Proportions followed by different letters show significant differences between the lines of bees for the variable measured.

Activity	Bee	Tagged	Visits/bee	Visit duration	Total time
	line	(%)	mean	(second)	(second)
			(min–max)	median (Q1–Q3).	median (Q1–Q3)
INSPECTING

	H	16.57^a	2.85 (1–40)^a	11 (6–21)^a	16 (7–41)^a

	NH	5.43^b	3.16 (1–41)^a	5.5 (14–28)^a	23 (7–76)^a

UNCAPPING

	H	4.29^a	2.48 (1–30)^a	37 (13.1–77.9)^a	62 (21–135)^a

	NH	1.10^b	6.04 (1–22)^b	59 (39–104.1)^b	158 (41–511)^b

REMOVING

	H	3.05^a	2.67 (1–19)^a	42 (12–130.5)^a	68 (19–261)^a

	NH	1.19^b	3.36 (1–13) ^b	110 (57–196)^b	222 (57–448)^b