The mean time for reproductives from 8 colonies to copulate with siblings (light grey bars) and non-siblings (dark grey bars). Bars represent the least squares means and their standard errors as predicted by a GLM. The GLM demonstrated that significantly more time elapsed before a queen mated with a sibling compared to a non-relative. Asterisks mark individual within-colony differences that were significant with 2-sample t-tests. The x-axis shows colony ID and sample size in parentheses.