Issue |
Apidologie
Volume 36, Number 3, July-September 2005
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Page(s) | 449 - 460 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:2005032 | |
Published online | 09 August 2005 |
DOI: 10.1051/apido:2005032
Assessing delayed and acute toxicity of five formulated fungicides to Osmia lignaria Say and Apis mellifera
Edith Ladurnera, Jordi Boschb, William P. Kempc and Stefano Mainiaa Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agroambientali, Area Entomologia, Università di Bologna, Viale Fanin 42, 40127 Bologna, Italy
b Biology Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5310, USA; and Unitat d'Ecologia/CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
c USDA - ARS, Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Logan, UT 84322-5310, USA
(Received 15 September 2004 - Revised 10 December 2004 - Accepted 6 January 2005; Published online: 9 August 2005)
Abstract - The delayed and acute toxicity of benomyl (Benlate®), captan (Captan 50WP), iprodione (Rovral®), propiconazole (OrbitTM), and neem oil (Trilogy®) to two crop pollinators, A. mellifera and O. lignaria, was evaluated. Survival after contact and oral single exposure to high doses of the pesticides was compared to survival of controls with the dosing vehicle. LD50 values at 24, 48 and 72 h from exposure were determined. Contact and oral exposure to benomyl and iprodione did not affect survival of any of the two species. Contact exposure to neem oil affected survival of A. mellifera. Orally administered propiconazole showed delayed and acute toxicity to both species. Captan severely limited survival of O. lignaria. The tested fungicides seemed to be safe to both bee species at the recommended rates, with the exception of captan to O. lignaria. To our knowledge, this is the first complete contact and oral toxicity test on an Osmia species.
Key words: Osmia lignaria / Apis mellifera / toxicity / fungicide / LD50
Corresponding author: Edith Ladurner eladurner@entom.agrsci.unibo.it
© INRA, DIB-AGIB, EDP Sciences 2005