Free Access
Issue |
Apidologie
Volume 32, Number 3, May-June 2001
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 199 - 214 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:2001122 |
References
- Allen M., Ball B. (1996) The incidence and world distribution of honey bee viruses, Bee World 77, 141-162.
- Anderson D.L., Trueman, J.W.H. (2000) Varroa jacobsoni (Acari: Varroidae) is more than one species, Exp. Appl. Acarol. 24, 165-189.
- Anderson D.L., Fuchs S. (1998) Two genetically distinct populations of Varroa jacobsoni with contrasting reproductive abilities on Apis mellifera, J. Apic. Res. 37, 69-78.
- Anderson R.M., May R.M. (1982) Co-evolution of hosts and parasites, Parasitology 85, 411-426.
- Anderson R.M., May R.M. (1986) The invasion, persistence and spread of infectious diseases within animal and plant communities, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 314, 533-570.
- Antia R., Levin B.R., May R.M. (1994) Within-host population dynamics and the evolution and maintenance of microparasite virulence, Am. Nat. 144, 457-472.
- Bailey L. (1953) The transmission of nosema disease, Bee World 34, 171-172.
- Bailey L., Ball B.V. (1991) Honey bee pathology, Academic Press, London.
- Boecking O., Spivak M. (1999) Behavioral defenses of honey bees against Varroa jacobsoni Oud., Apidologie 30, 141-158.
- Bonhoeffer S., Lenski R.E., Ebert D. (1996) The curse of the pharaoh: The evolution of virulence in pathogens with long living propagules, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 263, 715-721.
- Bull J.J. (1994) Perspective: Virulence, Evolution 48, 1423-1437.
- Bull J.J., Molineux I.J., Rice W.R. (1991) Selection of benevolence in a host-parasite system, Evolution 45, 875-882.
- Canning E.U. (1982) An evaluation of protozoal characteristics in relation to biological control of pests, Parasitology 84, 119-149.
- Clark T.B. (1977) Spiroplasma as a new pathogen in the honeybees, J. Invertebr. Pathol. 29, 112-113.
- Delfinado-Baker M. (1984) Acarapis woodi in the United states, Am. Bee J. 124, 805-806.
- Ewald P.W. (1987) Transmission modes and evolution of the parasitism-mutualism continuum, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 503, 295-306.
- Ewald P.W. (1994) Evolution of infectious disease, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
- Fenner F., Ratcliff F.N. (1965) Myxomatosis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
- Fine P.E.M. (1975) Vectors and vertical transmission: An epidemiologic perspective, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 266, 173-194.
- Free J.B. (1958) The drifting of honey bees, J. Agric. Sci. 51, 294-306.
- Gary N.E., Page R.E. Jr., Lorenzen K. (1989) Effect of age of worker honey bee (Apis mellifera) on tracheal mite (Acarapis woodi) infestation, Exp. Appl. Acarol. 7, 153-160.
- Goodwin R.M., Perry J.H., Ten-Houten A. (1994) The effect of drifting honey bees on the spread of American foulbrood infections, J. Apic. Res. 33, 209-212.
- Hafner M.S., Sudman P.D., Villablanca F.X., Spradling T.A., Demastes J.W., Nadler S.A. (1994) Disparate rates of molecular evolution in cospeciating hosts and parasites, Science 265, 1087-1090.
- Hansen H., Brodsgaard C.J. (1999) American foulbrood: a review of its biology, diagnosis and control, Bee World 80, 5-23.
- Hansen H., Rasmussen B., Christensen F. (1988) A preliminary experiment involving induced infection from Bacillus larvae, Dan. J. Plant Soil Sci. 92, 11-15.
- Herre E.A. (1993) Population structure and the evolution of virulence in nematode parasites of fig wasps, Science 259, 1442-1445.
- Hoage T.R., Rothenbuhler W.C. (1966) Larval honey bee response to various doses of Bacillus larvae spores, J. Econ. Entomol. 59, 42-45.
- Hurd H., Lane R. (1998) Parasite interactions: reciprocal manipulation, Symposia of the British Society for Parasitology, Vol. 35, Parasitology 115 supplement 1998, pp. 1-115.
- Jay S.C. (1965) Drifting of honeybees in commercial apiaries. 1. Effect of various environmental factors, J. Apic. Res. 4, 167-175.
- Kevan P.G., Laverty T.M., Denmark H.A. (1990) Association of Varroa jacobsoni with organisms other than honeybees and implications for its dispersal, Bee World 71, 119-120.
- Koenig J.P. (1987) Factors contributing to the pathogenesis of chalk brood disease in honey bee colonies, Ph.D. thesis, University of Wisconsin, USA.
- Korpela S.L. (1998) Pest status and incidence of the honey bee tracheal mite in Finland, Agric. Food Sci. Finland 7, 469-476.
- L'Arrivée J.C.M. (1965) Sources of nosema infection, Am. Bee J. 105, 246-248.
- Lipsitch M., Herre E.A., Nowak M.A. (1995a) Host population structure and the evolution of virulence: a ``law of diminishing returns'', Evolution 49, 743-748.
- Lipsitch M., Nowak M.A., Ebert D., May R.M. (1995b) The population dynamics of vertically and horizontally transmitted parasites, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 260, 321-327.
- Lipsitch M., Siller S., Nowak M.A. (1996) The evolution of virulence in pathogens with vertical and horizontal transmission, Evolution 50, 1729-1741.
- May R.M., Anderson R.M. (1990) Parasite-host coevolution, Parasitology 100, 89-101.
- Moritz R.F.A., Southwick E.E. (1992) Bees as superorganisms, Springer Verlag, Berlin.
- Pfeiffer K.J., Crailsheim K. (1998) Drifting of honeybees, Insectes Soc. 45, 151-167.
- Ratnieks F.L.W. (1992) American foulbrood: the spread and control of an important disease of the honey bee, Bee World 73, 177-1914.
- Ratnieks F.L.W., Nowakowski J. (1989) Honeybee swarms accept bait hives contaminated with American foulbrood disease, Ecol. Entomol. 14, 475-478.
- Rennie J., White P.B., Harvey E.J. (1921) Isle of Wight disease in hive bees, Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. 52, 737-779.
- Ritter W. (1990) Entwicklung einer Varroatoleranz in Bienenvölkern in Tunesien, Allg. Dtsch. Imkerztg. 24, 7-10.
- Rosenkranz P. (1999) Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) tolerance to Varroa jacobsoni Oud. in South America, Apidologie 30, 159-172.
- Royce L.A., Rossignol P.A. (1990) Epidemiology of honey bee parasites, Parasitol. Today 6, 348-353.
- Royce L.A., Rossignol P.A., Burgett D.M., Stringer B.A. (1991) Reduction of tracheal mite parasitism of honey bees by swarming, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 331, 123-129.
- Ruttner F. (1971) Milben-Panik, Die Biene 107, 201-203.
- Schmid-Hempel P. (1995) Parasites and social insects, Apidologie 26, 255-271.
- Schmid-Hempel P. (1998) Parasites in social insects, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey. Schmid-Hempel P., Loosli R. (1998) A contribution to the knowledge of Nosema infections in bumble bees Bombus spp., Apidologie 29, 525-535.
- Schmid-Hempel P., Schmid-Hempel R. (1993) Transmission of a pathogen in Bombus terrestris, with a note on division of labour in social insects, Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 33, 319-327.
- Scott-Dupree C.D., Otis G.W. (1990) The impact of Acarapis woodi (Rennie), the honey bee tracheal mite, on honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) in New York State, in: Proc. Int. Symp. Recent Res. Bee Pathol., 1990, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium, 5-7 Sept. 1990, Gent, Belgium, pp. 108-115.
- Shimanuki H., Knox D.A. (1994) Susceptibility of Bacillus larvae to Terramycin® , Am. Bee J. 134, 125-126.
- Shykoff J.A., Schmid-Hempel P. (1991) Parasites and the advantage of genetic variability within social insect colonies, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 243, 55-58.
- Spivak M., Gilliam M. (1998) Hygienic behaviour of honey bees and its application for control of brood diseases and varroa. Part I. Hygienic behaviour and resistance to American foulbrood, Bee World 79, 124-134.
- Spivak M., Gilliam M. (1998) Hygienic behaviour of honey bees and its application for control of brood diseases and varroa. Part II. Studies on hygienic behaviour since the Rothenbuhler era, Bee World 79, 169-186.
- Turner P.E., Cooper V.S., Lenski R.E. (1998) Tradeoff between horizontal and vertical modes of transmission in bacterial plasmids, Evolution 52, 315-329.
- Visscher P.K. (1983) The honey bee way of death: necrophoric behaviour in Apis mellifera colonies, Anim. Behav. 31, 1070-1076.
Abstract
Copyright INRA/DIB/AGIB/EDP Sciences