Microscopic analysis of propolis from Polish regions

Abstract - Ten sediment samples isolated from propolis samples collected in Poland were examined under the microscope. The sediment was obtained by an extraction method which ensured preservation of plant tissue structure. Thus in addition to pollen, the secretory discs and other plant elements were identified in each sample of propolis sediments. These elements were found to be identical to those isolated from fresh Betula and Alnus leaves. The pollen contents differed in various propolis samples and reflected the flora of the region of origin. The presence of secretory discs in the propolis samples confirmed the hypothesis that bees collected oil and resinous substances from plant surfaces such as the leaves of Betula and Alnus.