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Table I
Coherence as indicated by the occurrence of embedded absences in ordinated matrices; species turnover as indicated by the number of times one species replaces another between two sites, and boundary clumping as indicated by Morisita’s Index (Leibold and Mikkelson, 2002).
Coherence | 2004 | 2005 |
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Embedded absences | ||
Actual number | 729.0 | 408.0 |
Expected number | 1135.1 | 685.7 |
Standard deviation | 72.1 | 47.8 |
Z-score | –5.632 | –5.810 |
P | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
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Turnover | 2004 | 2005 |
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Replacements | ||
Actual number | 50970.0 | 23566.0 |
Expected number | 51204.4 | 24617.7 |
Standard deviation | 5426.1 | 2121.0 |
Z-score | –0.043 | –0.495 |
P | 0.4801 | 0.3123 |
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Clumping | 2004 | 2005 |
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Morisita’s index | ||
Actual value | 2.636 | 2.402 |
Expected value | 1.000 | 1.000 |
P | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |